紫外线模式预报方法的研究和试验   总被引：8，自引：2，他引：8  

沈元芳  况石 《应用气象学报》2002,13(Z1):223-231

文章介绍了在T106全球谱模式中应用大气辐射传输模式预报紫外线辐射(UVR)的方法,给出了试验运行的结果.UVR强度的划分考虑了到达地表的UVR通量.参考国内、外紫外线(UV)预报服务的经验,制定了5个日光暴露的级别、相应的紫外线指数(UVI)及防护措施.1999年9月起,国家气象中心已在NOTES网上每月不定期地展示UVR预报的一些结果,2000年9月起,在Cray-C92业务操作系统上实施了连续的试验运行.  相似文献   

沿海表层沉积物中重金属的有效结合态   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13       下载免费PDF全文

翁焕新  沈忠悦  陈建裕  张兴茂  钟国林 《地质科学》2002,37(2):243-252

以浙江沿海表层沉积物为研究对象,系统地研究了重金属有效结合态与沉积环境、矿物组成和人为排放等环境因素之间的相互关系.结果表明:沿海表层沉积物中重金属的积累数量,呈现出潮汐河口沉积物>沿海沉积物>强潮汐河口沉积物的趋势,这反映了不同沉积类型对重金属富集作用的差异;重金属的有效结合态,总体上以铁锰氧化物结合态>碳酸盐结合态>硫化物及有机结合态>可交换态的顺序存在,但是不同的重金属或同种重金属在不同的采点,主要有效结合态的比例存在明显的差异,这不仅与重金属的地球化学性质、沉积环境和沉积物中的粘土矿物组成有关,更受到重金属污染物的人为排放量的影响.  相似文献   

Utilization of water resources,ecological balance and land desertification in the Tarim Basin,Xinjiang     

Zili Fan  Xuncheng Xia  Yuling Shen  Kurban Alishir  Ranghui Wang  Shengyu Li  Yingjun Ma 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2002,45(1):102-108

Because of the human exploitation and utilization of water resources in the Tarim Basin, the water resources consumption has changed from mainly natural ecosystem to artificial oasis ecosystem, and the environment has changed correspondingly. The basic changes are: desertification and oasis development coexist, both “the human being advance and the desert retreat” and “the desert advance and the human being retreat” coexist, but the latter is dominant. In the upper reaches, water volume drawing to irrigated agricultural areas has increased, artificial oases have been enlarging and moving from the deltas in the lower reaches of many rivers to the piedmont plains. In the middle and lower reaches of the Tarim River, the stream flow has decreased, old oases have declined, natural vegetations have been degenerating, desertification has been enlarging, and the environment has deteriorated. The transition regions, which consist of forestlands, grasslands and waters between the desert and the oases, have been decreasing continuously, their shelter function to the oases has been weakened, and the desert is threatening the oases seriously.  相似文献   

国际地磁学与高空物理学协会和国际地震学与地球内部物理学协会联合科学大会及地震电磁研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

詹志佳  赵从利  高金田  沈文志 《国际地震动态》2002,(3):11-15

简要介绍了 2 0 0 1年 8月 1 9～ 3 1日在越南河内召开的国际地磁学与高空物理学协会 ( IAGA)和国际地震学与地球内部物理学协会 ( IASPEI)联合科学大会以及地震电磁研究进展 ,表明地震电磁前兆在地震预测研究中具有一定的实际效果与良好的研究前景。我们建议在不久的将来能在北京举办 IAGA,IASPEI和 IUGG(国际大地测量学与地球物理学联合会 )大会。这将促进我国的科技进步 ,有助于加强我国在国际科学界的地位与影响。  相似文献   

Application of Dangerous Probability Function in Risk Estimation of Surface Rupture Earthquake：Taking the Lingwu Fault in Ningxi1 Region as on Example     

Chai Chizhang  Zhang Wenxiao  Liao Yuhu  Xu Wenjun  Shen Xuhui  Tian Qinjian  Wei Kaibo  Chen Zhengwei 《中国地震研究》2002,16(1):60-70

Based on the fitting on paleoearthquake data of intra-plate regions in the northern part of Chi-na and giving a statistical model of time interdependence,the potential damage earthquakes in a definite future period and characteristics of present shocks along the Lingwu fault have been analyzed by using dangerous probability function and some new data concerned.We have in-ferred that the fault has entered a period that earthquakes will probably occur.There exists a potential danger that a strong earthquake with Ms7.0-7.5 will occur in 10-100a.  相似文献   

Quantitative reconstruction of the lake water paleotemperature of Daihai Lake, Inner Mongolia, China and its significance in paleoclimate   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5  

沈吉  Ryo Matsumoto  王苏民  朱育新 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2002,45(9):792-800

By measuring Sr/Ca ratios of the ostracod shells (Limnocthere cf. inopinata) in sediments of the Daihai Lake, and combined with Sr²⁺/Ca²⁺ ratios of the lake water, this paper obtained paleosalinity of the lake water. Vaporizing experiment of the lake water in laboratory showed that there was a quantitative relationship between salinity and oxygen isotope. Using this relationship, oxygen isotope values of the paleo-lake water were calculated. By measuring the oxygen isotope of the authigenic carbonate in the lake’s sediments, and in combination with the oxygen isotope values of the paleo-lake water, the paleotemperature of the lake water was calculated. Finally, based on these proxies, the paleoclimate in the lake basin was explored.  相似文献   

西苕溪流域不同土地类型下氮元素输移过程   总被引：60，自引：3，他引：60  

梁涛  张秀梅  章申  于兴修  王浩 《地理学报》2002,57(4):389-396

以西苕溪流域为研究对象,选择最有代表性的5种土地类型,模拟天然大暴雨,通过3次重复实验研究不同形态氮素随暴雨径流及径流沉积物的迁移过程,估算氮素在流域内不同土地利用/土地覆被条件下的损失率。研究结果表明,在相同的降雨条件下,氮素的流失速率和流失量随土地利用/土地覆被类型的不同表现出明显差异,地表径流水相总氮的流失量桑林最大,水田最小。水相不同形态的氮素流失量亦有所不同,悬浮颗粒态氮占地表径流水相总氮的70 %~90 %,水相溶解态氮的流失量以松林为最高,竹林、桑林和水田接近而且较低,不同类型的水相溶解态氮也随土地利用类型的不同表现出各自的特征。各土地类型单位面积、表层10 cm土壤氮素流失高达4.66~9.40 g·m-2,其中随径流沉积物相迁移的氮素占绝大部分(90 % 以上)。估算出的各土地利用类型总氮流失速率,地表径流水相为2.68~14.48 mg·m-2·min-1,径流沉积物相高达100.01~172.67 mg·m-2·min-1。  相似文献   

藏北新生代两套钾玄质火山岩系列地球化学特征   总被引：8，自引：2，他引：8  

刘燊  胡瑞忠  迟效国  李才  冯彩霞 《矿物岩石》2003,23(2):66-71

岩石学和元素地球化学特征研究表明，藏北新生代自南向北沿可可西里岩带和喀喇昆仑—玉门岩带出露有两套钾玄质系列火山岩。它们富集大离子亲石元素(LILE)和轻稀土(LREE)及明显亏损Nb—Ta—Ti，同时具有板内和岛弧(陆弧)的双重特征。源区来源于可能与俯冲带流体有关的相似交代富集地幔，成岩过程主要经历了低度(＜10％)辉石分离结晶作用，同时，源区伴有地壳物质的混染作用。  相似文献   

青藏高原东南部第四纪右旋剪切运动   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

沈军  汪一鹏  任金卫  曹忠权 《新疆地质》2003,21(1):120-125

通过对藏东南嘉黎断裂和滇西北断裂实地考察研究，表明青藏高原南部不存在统一的边界走滑断裂。嘉黎断裂的西段位于青藏高原南部，是一个南北挤压作用下的东西向伸展构造区，发育近南北向的地堑系，嘉黎断裂西段是这些地堑之间的转换断层，具有较高的右旋走滑速率。滇西北断裂与红河断裂构成川滇菱形块体的西南边界，该块体具有向东南逃逸和顺时针旋转运动。  相似文献   

A synthetic optimization analysis method on structures with viscoelastic dampers   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Zhao-Dong Xu  Ya-Peng Shen  Hong-Tie Zhao 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2003,23(8):683-689

The paper introduces a synthetic optimization analysis method of structures with viscoelastic (VE) dampers, namely the simplex method. The optimal parameters and location of VE dampers can be determined by this method. Numerical example and a shaking table test about reinforced concrete structures with VE dampers show that the seismic responses of structures will be reduced more effectively when the parameters and location of VE dampers are designed in accordance with the results calculated by the simplex method.  相似文献